大兴安岭地区学龄前儿童生长发育指标评价

Evaluation of growth and development of preschool children in Daxinganling

目的了解及评价大兴安岭地区学龄前儿童生长发育状况,为进一步改善当地儿童营养状况提供依据。方法按照整群随机抽样的原则抽取大兴安岭地区4所幼儿园3-6岁学龄前儿童305名,测量其身高、体重及头围,采用Z评分法进行生长发育评价。结果除6岁男童外,大兴安岭地区学龄前儿童身高与2005年全国九城市调查同性别年龄组相比水平偏低,但整体高于WHO标准。生长发育评价为中等的最多,其次为中上等、中下等、上等,下等最少;儿童生长迟缓率4.59%,消瘦率2.95%,低体重率2.30%,超重率8.20%,肥胖率18.03%;儿童身高别体重Z评分、年龄别体重Z评分、年龄别身高Z评分、年龄别头围Z评分均值分别为0.83±1.52、0.58±1.21、0.05±1.23、0.05±1.11。结论大兴安岭地区学龄前儿童生长发育状况总体情况良好,但儿童肥胖、超重率较高,该地区儿童营养过剩状况需引起重视。

Objective To investigate and evaluate the growth and development status of preschool children in Daxing anling,and provide basis for improving nutritional condition. Methods A total of 305 children aged 3to 6years old were selected from four local kindergartens of Daxinganling by random sampling.Height,body weight and head circumference were measured and the growth status was evaluated by Z scoring. Results Height of the preschool children（excluding boys aged 6）in Daxinganling was lower than that of children in a national survey in nine cities of China in 2005,but was higher than the WHO standard overall.The most amount of growth and development assessment was medium,followed by middle-higher,middle-lower,top and low.The prevalence of stunting,wasting,underweight,overweight and obesity was 4.59%,2.95%,2.30%,8.20% and 18.03% respedively;The Z scores of weight for height Z-score（WHZ）,weight for age Zscore（WAZ）,height for age Z-score（HAZ）,height for head circumference Z-score（HCZ）were 0.83±1.52,0.58±1.21,0.05±1.23 and 0.05±1.11,respectively. Conclusions The growth and development status of preschool children in Daxing anling is good,but the rates of overweight and obesity are high.Overnutrition should be concerned in this region.