无地面控制点卫星摄影测量探讨

Discussion on satellite photogrammetry without ground control point

为解决无地面控制点的卫星摄影测量(简称无控定位)这一国际难题,对国外具有代表性的几个"全球连续覆盖模式"光学摄影测量卫星的主要技术参数特征以及无控摄影测量模式、技术措施等方面进行了系统归纳,尽管各系统在无控定位上作了种种努力,但与美国1∶50 000比例尺制图标准(水平位置误差12m,垂直高程误差6m)相比,都存在一定距离,该文认为其不足的关键在于对星敏感器测姿误差的处理上。该文还特别介绍了天绘一号卫星工程达到这一标准的主要学术与技术措施,并列举了国内外检查点检测精度一致性的实例。

Started from the photogrammetry without ground control point（referred to non-controlled positioning）,the main technical feature parameters,non-controlled photogrammetry mode,and technology measures of some foreign optical photogrammetric satellite with global continuous coverage mode were summarized in this paper.Although the every systems have made some efforts in non-controlled positioning,there is a certain distance to the USA mapping standard of 1∶50000scale（horizontal positioning error 12 m,the vertical heighting error 6m）.The author thought that the main reason was the processing attitude measurement error of the star sensor.The paper also particularly introduced the main academic and technical measures to achieve the standard in the TH-1satellite project,and gave an example about the accuracy consistency by check points at home and abroad.