危险化学品泄漏事故应急防护行动优选

Optimization of emergency protective action for leakage accident from hazardous chemicals based on multi-criteria decision method

危险化学品泄漏事故发生后,快速地优选应急防护行动对于保护公众的安全和健康是十分重要的。通常采取的应急防护行动有疏散、隐蔽和使用个人防护装备等。当决策者考虑多个属性如受影响区域人员的心理影响、应急防护行动的成本和预期挽救的人员数量时,最佳的应急防护行动并不是唯一的。提出了危险化学品泄漏事故应急防护行动优选的多属性决策方法,以确定最优的应急防护行动。案例研究表明,该方法能提高危险化学品泄漏事故应急决策的客观性。

Optimization of emergency protective actions quickly from hazardous chemicals release is very important for the protection of the public＇s safety and health. In this context, several protective actions can be performed, such as, evacuation, shelter-in-place and use of personal protective equipment. The best solution is not unique when multiple criteria are taken into consideration （e. g. physiological discomfort, emergency response cost, and the expected number of lives saved）. This paper presents a multi-criteria decision method of emergency protective action in case of hazardous chemicals leakage accident to optimize the implemented protective action. Case study demonstrates that the proposed multi-criteria decision method can improve decision-making objectivity.