城市地铁雷电防护关键技术研究

Pivotal Technology of Lightning Protection for Urban Metro

目前国内尚无针对地铁系统的专项防雷设计、施工及检测标准,使得在全国范围内开展的地铁系统防雷工作无系统性技术规范。分析地铁系统遭受雷击的主要方式与途径,明确了地铁系统防雷的必要性;针对城市地铁雷电防护的关键点,通过理论分析计算在国内首次确定了地铁系统的防雷保护等级应按第2类进行划分,并推导出了地铁防雷的关键参数——接地电阻的理论值。从接闪、接地、等电位连接、屏蔽和综合布线以及电涌保护防雷5要素出发对地铁系统雷电防护的具体措施进行了分析研究,提出地铁防雷主要措施和技术指标,为从事地铁防雷系统的设计、施工、防雷检测以及相关专业人员提供参考,并对将来形成地铁防雷技术标准方面的工作具有重要参考价值。

At present, there is no special lightning-protection standards of designing, construction, and testing aimed at metro systems in China, so that there is no systematical technical standards in lightningprotection of metro systems launched in China. An analysis is made of the main ways and approaches in which metro systems are attacked by lightning, and the necessity of lightning protection for metro systems is discussed. On the other hand, aiming at the key point of lightning protection for metro systems, according to the calculation of theoretical analysis, it is assured for the first time that the lightning- protection of metro systems should be classified as Class 2, and the key parameter of metro Lightning protection-theoretical value of earthing resistance-is deduced. From the aspects of five elements such as the lightning arrester, earthing, equipotential connection, shield, composite wiring, and surge protection, specific measures of metro lightning protection are analyzed, which can provide references for those who are engaging in designing, construction, and testing of lightning protection for metro systems, and be useful for the formation of technical standards of lightning-protection for metro systems.