3[1]Jang Y S, Ko D C, Kim B M. Application of the finite element method to predict microstructure evolution in the hot forging of steel [J]. J Mater Process Technol, 2000,101:85
4[2]Aymone J L F, Bittencourt E, Creus G J. Simulation of 3D metal-forming using an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian finite element method [J]. J Mater Process Technol, 2001,110:218
5[3]Park J J, Oh S I. Application of three dimensional FEM analysis to shape rolling processes [J]. J Eng Ind, Trans ASME, 1990, 112(1): 36
6[4]Bittencout E, Creus G J. Finite element analysis of threedimensional contact and impact in large deformation problems [J]. Comput Struct, 1998, 69:219
7[5]Laasraou A, Jonas J J. Prediction of temperature distribution, flow stress and microstructure during the multi-pass hot rolling of steel plate and strip [J]. ISIJ Int, 1991, 31(1):95
8[6]Laasraoui A, Jonas J.J. Prediction of steel flow stresses at high temperatures and strain rates [J]. Metall Trans, 1991,22A: 1545
9[10]Wertheimer T B. Thermal Mechanically Coupled Analysis in Metal Forming Process, Numerical Methods in Industrial Forming Processes [M]. Swanwea: Pineridge Press Ltd, 1982. 425