冠状动脉旁路移植术患者术前焦虑状况的调查

Research of Preoperative Anxiety of Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

目的了解冠状动脉旁路移植术患者术前的焦虑状况,为制订针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法采用一般资料调查表及焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)对2012年1月至2013年12月南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院心胸外科收治的行冠状动脉旁路移植术的128例患者进行调查。结果 128例患者中,50例患者存在焦虑症状,其中轻度焦虑16例、中度焦虑32例、重度焦虑2例;不同性别、年龄、文化程度、病程、家庭人均月收入及医疗费用支付方式、患者术前焦虑情况的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);不同婚姻状况患者术前焦虑情况的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论年龄大、病程长、文化程度低、家庭人均月收入低、医疗费用自付、女性患者在冠状动脉旁路移植术术前易出现焦虑症状,护理人员应加强对这部分患者的观察和心理护理,针对性地采取护理干预,以减轻患者的心理负担,从而有利于手术的顺利进行和术后的康复。

Objective To understand the preoperatively anxiety level of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft （CABG）surgery and provide evidence for targeted intervention measurement formula-tion.Methods One hundred and twenty eight CABG patients were assessed with self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）and general questionnaire.Results Among the 128 patients,50 cases of patients had anxiety symp-tom,16 of them were at mild level,32 of them were at moderate level and 2 cases of severe level of anxiety. There were statistically significance of preoperative anxiety of patients with different gender,age,education background,illness duration,family income and payment of medical fee （P0.05 ）.Conclusion Patients who are elder,longer illness duration,poor education background,low family income,self-pay of medical pay,female were easier to have preoperative anxiety.Nursing staff should emphasize on the observation and mental nursing for those patients,and take targeted intervention to release the psychological burden,which is better for the operation going smoothly and postoperative recovery.