两所军队医院军人及聘任制护士灾害救护知识与技能的调查

Survey on Disaster Nursing Knowledge and Skill Acquirement for the Military Nurses and Employed Nurses Working in Two Military Hospitals

目的分析军队医院军人护士及聘任制护士灾害救护知识与技能掌握现状及需求,为开展针对性培训提供依据。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,通过目的抽样法对上海市两所军队三级甲等综合性医院106名护士的灾害救护知识与技能掌握程度、灾害救护知识与技能获取途径及需求进行调查。结果共98名护士有效填答问卷,军人护士(17名)与聘任制护士(81名)的灾害救护知识及技能总体得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在灾害应急处置、心理评估及干预知识等知识维度,以及灾害救护基本技能、灾后疫病预防、护理管理等技能维度,军人护士得分均高于聘任制护士(P<0.01)。目前护士获取和提高灾害知识与技能的主要途径是观看视频资源(62.5%),64.2%的护士认为培训是最有利于护士提高灾害救护水平的途径。结论应强化军队医院聘任制护士的灾害救护培训,有针对性地拓宽军人护士灾害救护知识的培训范围,并丰富灾害救护培训途径。

Objective To explore the current status and needs on disaster nursing knowledge and skill acquirement on military nurses and employed nurses working in military hospitals,which can provide evidence for training.Methods Using purposive sampling methods,106 nurses who work in two military Class Ⅲ Grade Ⅰ hospitals were selected and their disaster nursing knowledge and skill mastery level and knowledge and skill acquirement pathway were surveyed by filling in a self-designed questionnaire.Results Ninety-eight surveyed nurses responded the questionnaire effectively.There was statistical significance of the total score of the difference of disaster rescue knowledge and skill acquirement between the military and employed nurses （P〈0.05）.Military nurses got higher scores than employed nurses in knowledge domains of disaster emergency response,psychological assessment and intervention,and in skill domains of disaster nursing basic skills,disease prevention after disaster,nursing management （P〈0.01）.At present, the maj ority pathways of nurses acquired and improving knowledge and skill about disaster rescue was watching video（62.5%）,64.2% of nurses thought that training was the most effective way to improve the disaster rescue skill.Conclusion Employed nurses working in military hospitals should be given more chance to attend disaster lessons,while military nurses should be taught much more knowledge and skills. Skill training should be exclusively emphasized for all of the nurses who work in military hospitals and a variety of methods can also be used to provide training.