北京地区地面沉降与地裂缝关系研究

Study on the Relationship between Land Subsidence and Ground Fissures in Beijing

地面沉降与地裂缝是北京平原区的主要地质灾害。本文在大量的实际资料的基础上,分析了地面沉降、地裂缝在时间、空间和活动方式上的关联,认为二者在加剧活动时间上具有同步性,在活动特征上具有相似性;但发育起点不同,分布上也存在某些不一致性。并以高丽营地裂缝为例,分析了地面沉降与地裂缝之间的相互作用,通过八仙庄地面沉降监测站分层监测结果、地下水监测孔的年水位变幅和勘察孔揭露的地层情况,计算出地裂缝两侧土层不均匀沉降差占地裂缝垂向位错量的30%。研究结果可为二者的联合防治提供理论依据。

Land subsidence and ground fissures are the main geological disasters in Beijing plain. Based on the actual data, this paper studies the relationships of time-space, activity of the land subsidence and ground fissures. As a result, their intensity and active time show synchronization, and the activity characteristics are similar each other. However, they have different developmental stages and distributions. It takes the Gaoliying groud fissure as an example to analyze the interaction between the land subsidence and ground f^ssure. Uneven land subsidence difference accounts for 30% in the vertical displacement of the ground fissure. The results provide the theory basis for comprehensive prevention and control for land subsidence and ground fissures.