汉语言古文献古文字研究新学说——“借音字说”

New Theory of Ancient Chinese Documents and Characters Studies-Theory of Phonemic Loans

在对中国古代文学经典作品和其他古典文献的研究中得到一个重要发现:借用具有音同或音近等特征的字来替代本字、但表达的却仍是本字意思的"借音字"现象大量存在。这种"借音字"在以往的古籍整理过程中,往往被当做"音误字"、"错别字"对待,从而导致了人们对这类字的错误认知以及对原文献的误读误解,这不能不说是我们在研究古代文献中存在的一个重大问题。为了从理论上、根本上解决这一问题,以达到学术上的正本清源,笔者在总结20余年古文献尤其是古典文学作品研究的基础上,提出了汉语言古文献古文字研究新学说——"借音字说"。并从""借音字说"的概况、形成、分类、适用范围、价值和成果几个方面分析,得出了"借音字说"具有重大学术价值和实用价值的结论。

Studies show that there are a great number of phonemic loans （words with the same or similar pronunciation but different character patterns） in ancient Chinese classical literary works and other ancient documents, which were taken as wrongly written characters in former studies that further misled interpretations of those documents. Based on more than 20 years research of ancient documents and clas- sical literary works, the author proposes the theory of phonemic loans, and further analyzes their general situation, formation, classification, scope of application, values and research achievements, which shows the theory of phonemic loans is of significant academic and practical value.