不同寄主来源腐烂病菌对库尔勒香梨树致病性研究

Study on the Pathogenicity of Canker Pathogen from Different Hosts to Korla fragrant pear Tree

【目的】确定引起库尔勒香梨树腐烂病菌的来源,为制定有效防治措施降低发病程度提供依据。【方法】将从杨树(Populus bolleana Lauche)、沙枣(Elaeagnus angustifolia L.)、胡杨(Populus euphratica)、核桃(J.regia L.)、苹果(M.pumila Mill.)及香梨树(P.bretschneideri Rehd.)上分离的腐烂病菌株接种到30%香梨树皮培养基、香梨果实、叶片以及枝条上观察并计算发病率、病斑扩展速率及产孢情况。【结果】6种不同寄主来源的腐烂病菌株均能在30%香梨树皮培养基、果实、叶片及枝条上侵染。在培养基上除沙枣腐烂病菌株,其余5种腐烂病菌株均能在9 d内显症产孢;在果实上,6种不同寄主来源腐烂病菌株均未产孢;来源于苹果和香梨的腐烂病菌株在枝条上病斑扩展速度最快;6种腐烂病菌株在叶片上形成的病斑形态及病斑扩展速度存在明显差异。【结论】6种不同寄主来源腐烂病菌株均能使香梨不同部位感病,但在病斑扩展和产孢能力等方面存在明显差异。

[ Objective ] The infection source of rot disease of Korla fragrant pear trees was identified for preventing the infection and spread of pathogens. [ Method ] Canker pathogen separated from different hosts including the poplars （Populus bolleana Lauche）, elaeagnus （Elaeagnus angustifolia L. ）, Populus euphratica （Populus euphratica ）, Walnut （ J. regia L. ）, Apple （ m. pumila Mill. ） and fragrant pear trees （P. bretschneideri Rehd. ） were respectively inoculated into the culture medium with 30% fragrant pear tree bark, fragrant pear,branches and leaves to observate and calculate the incidence of the disease , lesion growth rate and sporulation ability. [ Result]6 species canker pathogens from different hosts can spread in 30% fragrant pear bark medium,fruit, branches and leaves; In the bark medium,5 species canker pathogens can produce spores in 9 d except the pathogen isolated from Elaeagnus angustifolia ; In fruit,6 species different sources of canker pathogen were failed to produce spores; From rot pathogen of Apple and pear trees in branches of le- sion extension on the fastest; In leaves, the disease spot form and the disease spread speed of 6 species ofpathogens existed obvious differences. [ Conclusion ] 6 kinds of different host sources of canker pathogens can cause disease in different parts of fragrant pear,however, distinct difference existed in the lesion extended degree and sporulation capacity.