外源物质对远志根中皂苷含量的影响

Effects of exogenous substances on saponin content in root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd

【目的】研究外源物质对远志根中皂苷含量的影响,为栽培远志药用成分含量的提高提供科学依据。【方法】对大田种植的远志,于展叶期分别用萘乙酸(25、50、100 mg/L)、赤霉素(50、150、300 mg/L)、细胞分裂素(100、200、300mg/L)、脱落酸(5、10、15 mg/L)、茉莉酸甲酯(200、300、400μmol/L)和水杨酸(50、100、200 mg/L)进行叶面喷施,比较不同浓度的外源激素和诱导子对远志根中皂苷含量的影响。【结果】4种外源激素萘乙酸、赤霉素、细胞分裂素和脱落酸低、中、高浓度处理后远志根中皂苷含量分别比对照提高了4.07、3.98、3.91倍,22.33、14.21、13.72倍,7.8、6.2、5.4倍和2.1、2.3、2.6倍;两种诱导子茉莉酸甲酯和水杨酸低、中、高浓度处理后远志根中皂苷含量分别比对照提高了6.6、14.2、7.6倍和1.65、2.95、3.49倍,6种外源物质对皂苷积累的作用效果大小排序为:赤霉素>茉莉酸甲酯>细胞分裂素>萘乙酸>水杨酸>脱落酸。【结论】通过叶面喷施外源物质可以显著提高远志根中皂苷含量,其中以50 mg/L赤霉素效果最佳,可在生产实践中推广应用。

【Objective】The effects of exogenous substances on the saponin content in root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd were studied to provide references for improving the medicinal ingredients of planting of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. 【Method】During the leaf-expansion period, naphthalene acetic acid（25,50,100 mg/L）, gibberellin（50,150,300mg/L）, cytokinin（100, 200, 300 mg/L）,abscisic acid（5, 10, 15 mg/L）, methyl jasmonate（200, 300, 400 μmol/L）and salicylic acid（50, 100, 200 mg/L）were sprayed respectively on the leaf surface, and the effects of the different concentrations of exogenous substances on saponin content in root of the field-planting Polygala tenuifolia Willd were compared. 【Result】The low, medium, and high concentrations of four kinds of exogenous hormone, naphthalene acetic acid, gibberellin, cytokinin and abscisic acid could enhance the saponins in root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd to 4.07,3.98, 3.91 times; 22.33, 14.21, 13.72 times; 7.8, 6.2, 5.4 times; 2.1, 2.3, 2.6 times respectively, compared to the control. Low, medium, and high concentrations of two kinds of elicitors of methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid could enhance the content of saponin to 6.6, 14.2, 7.6 times and 1.65, 2.95, 3.49 times respectively, compared to the control. The effecting order of 6 kinds of exogenous substances on the saponins accumulation was gibberellin methyl jasmonate cytokinin naphthalene acetic acid salicylic acid abscisic acid. 【Conclusion 】Exogenous substances could significantly improve the saponin content in root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd by spraying on leaf surface, and this method could be applied in production practice.