抗病毒药剂处理脱除淮山药温和花叶病毒试验

Elimination of yam mild mosaic virus in yams by antiviral drug treatment

【目的】比较3种不同抗病毒药剂处理脱除淮山药温和花叶病毒（YMMV）的效果,以期在对植物材料伤害较低的同时达到脱除病毒的目的,为淮山药脱毒苗的培育提供新途径。【方法】采用经RT-PCR检测确定感染YMMV的淮山药品种粤北3号（YB3）为材料,以不同终浓度（10、20、30、40、50 mg/L）的抗病毒药物利巴韦林、盐酸吗啉胍和阿昔洛韦加入培养基,处理带毒淮山药茎段3个月,至其形成再生苗,再用RT-PCR检测其中的YMMV。【结果】利巴韦林对淮山药植株生长有明显抑制作用,盐酸吗啉胍和阿昔洛韦对淮山药植株生长的抑制作用不明显;利巴韦林终浓度超过40 mg/L处理的样品、盐酸吗啉胍和阿昔洛韦终浓度超过30 mg/L处理的样品中均未检测出YMMV,其余浓度处理的样品可部分检出YMMV。【结论】终浓度30-50 mg/L的盐酸吗啉胍和阿昔洛韦处理3个月可有效脱除YB3淮山药中的YMMV,脱毒效果好于相同浓度的利巴韦林。

【Objective】To eliminate virus while minimizing the harmful side effect to the yam plants, efficiency of antiviral drugs to eliminate the Yam mild mosaic virus（YMMV） in yams was evaluated so as to develop a new method for generating virus-free yam seedlings. 【Method 】Broad-spectrum antiviral drugs ribavirin, moroxydine hydrochloride and acyclovir at varied concentrations（10, 20, 30, 40, 50 mg/L） were implemented into the culture media to treat the stems of YMMV-infected yam（D. alata） Yuebei No.3（YB3）, respectively. The resulting yam plantlets were examined by YMMV-specific RT-PCR. 【Result 】Ribavirin at concentration of 40 mg/L or higher significantly inhibited the growth of yam plantlets, whereas moroxydine hydrochloride and acyclovir hardly exhibited any inhibition. No virus was detected when treated with ribavirin at 40 mg/L or higher concentration, and moroxydine hydrochloride and acyclovir at30 mg/L or higher concentration for three months. 【Conclusion 】Treatment of yam stems with moroxydine hydrochloride and acyclovir at concentration of 30-50 mg/L for three months could eliminate YMMV from the regenerated yam plantlets and these two drugs are better than ribavirin at the same concentration.