西林水牛群体的RAPD遗传多样性分析

Analysis of RAPD genetic diversity in Xilin buffaloe

【目的】了解西林水牛群体的遗传变异和遗传结构,为其辅助标记育种、遗传资源保护及利用提供参考依据。【方法】从广西西林县的8个乡（镇）采集184份西林水牛血样,采用优化后的RAPD技术检测其多态性DNA,统计多态性条带数,并应用Popgene32软件对西林水牛群体的有效等位基因数、Nei氏基因多样性指数及Shannon多样性指数进行分析。【结果】从18条RAPD引物中筛选出8条扩增产物稳定、条带清晰可辨的引物,扩增出的DNA片段分子量为100-1000 bp;从184个样本中共扩增出4968个多态性条带,平均每条引物可扩增出621个多态性条带,多态性频率达60.0%-100.0%,平均为89.7%。西林水牛群体的平均有效等位基因数为1.6745,平均Nei氏基因多样度指数为0.3583,平均Shannon多样性指数为0.5510。【结论】西林水牛群体的遗传变异、遗传分化及遗传多样性均较高,但选育程度较低,育种潜力较大,有待进一步保种和开发利用。

【Objective】The genetic variation and genetic structure of Xilin buffaloes were investigated in order to provide theoretical references for its marker-assisted breeding, protection and utilization of genetic resources. 【Method】The blood samples of 184 Xilin buffaloes were collected from 8 townships in Guangxi and its polymorphic DNA were detected by using optimized RAPD technique. The polymorphic bands were calculated to analyze allele ＇s effective number（He）, Nei＇s gene diversity index（Ae） and Shannon＇s information index（I） by POPGENE 32 software. 【Result】Among 18 primers of RAPD, 8 primers could amplify stable and clear discernible bands. The molecular weights of DNA fragments were about 100-1000 bp in length. By using 8 primers, 4968 polymorphic bands were amplified from184 DNA samples. On average, each primer could amplify 621 polymorphic bands. The polymorphic frequency was60.0%-100.0% and the average was 89.7%. Among the population of Xilin buffaloes, the average of allele ＇s effective number, Nei＇s gene diversity index and Shannon ＇s information index were 1.6745, 0.3583 and 0.5510, respectively.【Conclusion】In Xilin buffalo population, the genetic variation, genetic structure and genetic diversity are relatively higher, while its breeding degree is relatively lower and breeding potential is very great. Therefore, the breed conservation, development and utilization of Xilin buffaloes have to be studied further.