山瑞鳖的研究进展

Research progresses on Palea steindachneri

通过对山瑞鳖当前的繁育技术、仿生态养殖技术、疾病防治技术、分子水平等研究现状进行综述,发现因受分布区域的限制,山瑞鳖的整体研究水平尚处于初级阶段,具体表现为:繁育技术较落后,仿生态养殖技术不规范,分子水平研究缺乏深度,营养学研究空白等。因此,建议在繁育技术上,通过产、学、研的联合攻关,提高山瑞鳖的产卵量、受精率、孵化率及鳖苗培育成活率,并结合分子标记辅助育种技术筛选出优良品种;在仿生态养殖上,大力推广"温室—外塘"二段式养殖模式,并通过实施标准化养殖转变病害防治思路;同时要深度挖掘山瑞鳖的保健和药用价值,进一步延长山瑞鳖产业链。

The reproduction techniques, bionic aquaculture techniques, disease control techniques and molecular level for Palea steindachneri were summarized in the present study. The results showed that owing to limitation of regional distribution, the whole research level of P. steindachneri was still at the primary stage being backward breeding technologies, non-standard bionic aquaculture techniques, no in-depth molecular level researches, and no any nutriology researches, etc. Therefore, aiming at key breeding technical problems of P. steindachneri, there were some joint efforts combining with production units, colleges and research institutes to improve number of laying egg, fertilization rate, hatching rate and survival rate of young turtle. Meanwhile, the molecular marker-assisted breeding technique should be applied to screen good breed. Two-stage aquaculture model of greenhouse-outdoor pond should be extended in bionic aquaculture. And the disease control strategy should be shifted by implementing standardized aquaculture. At the same time, the mechanism and medicinal value of health care, preventing and treating diseases of P. steindachneri to human should be exploited in depth to further extend its industrial chain.