2005～2013年长安区肾综合征出血热发病变化情况分析

Epidemiological analysis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Chang'an District of Xi'an from 2005 to 2013

目的 了解长安区肾综合征出血热（HFRS）的流行病学特征,分析HFRS在长安区的高发原因,为制定防控措施提供可靠依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学的方法对长安区2005~2013年的HFRS疫情资料进行分析。结果 2005~2013年长安区HFRS年平均发病率为30.94/10万,死亡率为0.33/10万,病死率为1.07%,2013年发病率降至9.52/10万。HFRS发病呈季节性升高,秋冬季占72.40%;平均发病率随年龄增长而增高,60~69岁年龄组平均发病率最高,达56.64/10万;男女性别比为3.10∶1;农民占发病总数的65.77%;各乡街HFRS发病率不同。结论 2005~2013年长安区HFRS年平均发病率仍高于陕西省同期水平。加强宣传教育、高危人群的预防接种、监测、灭鼠等综合防控措施,该病可能会得到有效控制。

Objective To understand the epidemiological features and reason of hemorrhagic fever of renal syn- drome （HFRS） in Chang＇ an District, and to provide reliable evidence for the prevention and control HFRS. Methods Descriptive epidemiology features were studied to analyze the surveillance data in Chang＇ an District from 2005 to 2013. Results The average annual incidence of HFRS was 30.94/105, the mortality rate was 0.33/ 105,the case fatality rate was 1.07% in Chang＇ an District, from 2005 to 2013. The incidence rate was de- creased to 9.52/105 in 2013. The incidence of HFRS was higher than other seasons, accounting for 72.40%. The incidence had been annually decreasing with age. The top incidence was 56.64/105 from 60 to 69 groups. The sex ratio was 3.10： 1. The incidence percentage of farmers was 65.77%. The HFRS incidence of regions was different. Conclusion The incidence of HFRS in Chang＇ an District was higher than Shanxi province, China from 2005 to 2013. By means of health education, vaccination of high - risk populations, surveillance, and de- ratization , the disease could be controlled effectively.