神话—原型批评:《不能承受的生命之轻》解析

Analyzing Unbearable Lightness of Being from the View of Myth-Archetype Criticism Theory

神话—原型批评理论是上世纪中叶流行于西方的一个十分重要的文学批评流派,它的产生与西方文学发展过程中文艺作品所呈现出来的神话倾向密切相关。这一理论的形成实际上是为文学作品的结构模式和人物形象溯源。通过比较文学作品中反复出现的各种意象、叙事结构、虚构模式和人物类型等,找出它们的内在相似之处。米兰·昆德拉最负盛名的小说—《不能承受的生命之轻》中的男女主人公托马斯和特蕾莎在面对复杂的生存境况时所显现出的个体生命形态和生存轨迹在一定意义上便是行走在20世纪现代社会中的亚当和夏娃。

Myth-Archetype Criticism Theory is popular in mid-century of the west, and it is a very important genre of literary criticism school. It is closely related to the myth tendencies of the presentation of the western literary works. The formation of this theory is actually searching for the structural mode] and character image of the literary works. By comparing a variety of recurring imagery, narrative structure, fictional mode and character type of the literature, the paper finds their intrinsic similarities. Thomas and Theresa are the heroine and hero in Milan Kundera＇s most famous novel - Unbearable Lightness of Being. They are Adam and Eve in the 20th century modern society in a certain sense, because they show the same path and attitude of life when they faced the complex existent situation.