骨髓间充质干细胞缺陷与获得性再生障碍性贫血

Defectiveness of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in acquired aplastic anemia

获得性再生障碍性贫血(AA)患者骨髓间充质干细胞(BM-MSCs)缺陷已成为近年来研究的热点之一。该文对BM-MSCs缺陷在AA发病中的作用及其对AA治疗的临床应用进行综述。越来越多的实验室证据证明了BM-MSCs缺陷在AA的发病中极有可能起着重要的作用,无论是其生物学特点、基因表达谱的缺陷,抑或是增殖分化能力、造血支持作用乃至免疫调节功能的耗竭,都成为在免疫失衡基础上促使AA不断进展至难以恢复的重要节点。随着MSCs研究的不断深化,将恢复骨髓造血微环境为主要目的的MSCs输注可能成为AA治疗的新模式。

The defectiveness of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BM-MSCs） in acquired aplastic anemia （AA） has been a frequent research topic in recent years. This review summarizes the defectiveness of BM-MSCs which is responsible for the mechanism of acquired AA and the prospective application of BM-MSCs in the treatment of acquired AA. An increasingly number of laboratory statistics has demonstrated that the defectiveness of BM-MSCs is more likely to play an important role in the pathogenesis of AA, namely, the apparently different biological characteristics and gene expression proifles, the decreased ability of supporting hematopoiesis as well as self-renewal and differentiation, and the exhaustion of regulating immune response of hematopoietic environment. Those abnormalities continuously prompt AA to become irreversible bone marrow failure along with the imbalanced immunity. With deepening research on MSCs, infusion of MSCs for the primary purpose of recovering hematopoietic microenvironment may become a new approach for the treatment of AA.