儿童非酒精性脂肪肝最新研究动态

Research advances in pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

目的近年来,随着儿童肥胖及超重发生率的增加,儿童非酒精性脂肪肝成为儿童最常见的肝病之一,相关的研究也不断深入拓展。虽然二次打击及多重打击学说已被广范接受,但是遗传因素、环境因素及饮食结构等对于儿童非酒精性脂肪肝发病也起着至关重要的作用。对于儿童非酒精性脂肪肝的临床诊断,目前还没有一个十分满意的方法,但是无创诊断技术是学者们努力的方向,并且有了一些新的评分方法;对于儿童非酒精性脂肪肝的治疗,也没有特别有效的药物,目前仍然是以改变生活方式为主。本文主要对儿童非酒精性脂肪肝的相关知识及观点的最新研究动态进行总结,并对其诊断、评分方法及治疗等进行讨论。

In recent years, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） has increased because of the growing prevalence of obesity and overweight in the pediatric population. It has become the most common form of chronic liver diseases in children and the related research on NAFLD is expanded. The“two-hit”and“multiple hit”hypothesis have been widely accepted, and some research has shown that genetic, diet structure and environmental factors appear to play a crucial role in the development of pediatric NAFLD. Though it is expected by researchers, there is not an available satisfactory noninvasive marker for the diagnosis of this disease. Fortunately, some new non-invasive prediction scores for pediatric NAFLD have been developed. There is currently no established special therapy, and lifestyle intervention should be adequate for most cases of NAFLD in children. This article reviews the advances in the current knowledge and ideas concerning pediatric NAFLD, and discusses the diagnosis, perspective therapies and scoring methods for this disease.