不同品牌牙膏中游离氟和可溶性氟含量的测定及比例分析

Levels and proportions of free fluoride and soluble fluorine in different brands of toothpaste

目的探讨市售不同品牌牙膏中游离氟和可溶性氟的含量水平及比例关系，分析可能存在的风险因素。方法采集贵阳市市售牙膏样本54份，其中国产牙膏、合资牙膏、进口牙膏的数量分别为32、12、10份．分别测定牙膏样本中游离氟和可溶性氟含量，样品测定参照牙膏氟离子选择电极法（GB8372．2008）。结果游离氟含量范围国产牙膏、合资牙膏、进口牙膏分别为0．98～1603．50、3．22—617．50、306．80～1590．80mg／kg，超标数分别为3、0、1，超标率分别为9．4％、0．0％、10．0％；可溶性氟含量范围分别为3．06—4302．50、9．02。1667．30、9．18。4013．20mg／kg，超标数分别为9、2、3，超标率分别为34．4％、16．7％、30．0％。游离氟和可溶性氟比例：国产为1．0：2．7，合资为1．0：2．7，进口为1．0：2．5。样品测定的准确度置信限（R／d）为0．98。结论不同市售品牌牙膏中氟化物存在超标现象，可溶性氟的含量和比例明显高于游离氟，牙齿存在着氟损伤的风险，生产部门应加强生产过程中添加氟的质量控制。

Objective To investigate the level and proportional relationship of free fluorine and soluble fluoride in different brands of toothpaste, and analyze possible risk factors. Methods A total of 54 samples of commercially available toothpastes of domestic, joint venture and imported in Guiyang City were collected, and the levels of free fluoride and soluble fluorine were determined, respectively, using fluorideion selective electrode method （GB 8372-2008）. Results The number of the toothpaste was 32, 12, 10, respectively, in domestic, joint venture and imported. The levels of free fluorine ranged from 0.98 to 1 603.50 mg/kg, 3.22 to 617.50 mg/kg and 306.80 to 1 590.80 mg/kg, respectively, in toothpastes of domestic, joint venture and imported; the number of exceeding the standard free fluorine was 3, 0 and 1, respectively, in toothpastes of domestic, joint venture and imported; the rate of exceeding the standard free fluorine was 9.4%, 0.0% and 10.0%, respectively, in toothpastes of domestic, joint venture and imported. The levels of soluble fluorine ranged from 3.06 to 4 302.50 mg/kg, 9.02 to 1 667~30 mg/kg and 9.18 to 4 013.20 mg/kg, respectively, in toothpastes of domestic, joint venture and imported; the number of exceeding the standard soluble fluorine was 9, 2 and 3, respectively, in toothpastes of domestic, joint venture and imported; the rate of exceeding the standard soluble fluorine was 34.4%, 16.7% and 30.0%, respectively, in toothpastes of domestic, joint venture and imported. The proportion of free fluorine and soluble fluoride was： domestic 1.0 ： 2.7, joint venture 1.0 ： 2.7, imported 1.0 ： 2.5, respectively. The confidence limit （R/d） was 0.98. Conclusion The fluoride level in different brands of toothpaste has exceeded the standard, the content and proportion of soluble fluoride are obviously higher than those of free fluoride, and there is a risk on tooth damage from fluoride, and factories should strengthen quality control in adding fluoride.