福建省漳平市执行新食用盐碘含量标准后孕妇碘营养状况调查

A survey of iodine nutritional status in pregnant women after implementation of a new salt iodine standard in Zhangping City

目的了解新《食用盐碘含量》标准执行后孕妇碘营养状况，为制订碘缺乏病防治策略提供依据。方法根据既往监测结果，于2012、2013年选择漳平市新桥镇和永福镇（儿童尿碘水平大于适宜量，〉200μg／L）为调查点。将两个乡镇市场流通环节销售的食用盐全部置换成新标准碘盐，于置换后3、6、9、12个月各开展1次调查，每次分别在两个乡镇各调查50名孕妇，记录姓名、年龄、孕期等信息。采集随意一次性尿样和家中食用盐样，砷铈催化分光光度法（wS／T107-2006）检测尿碘含量，直接滴定法检测盐碘含量。结果4次共调查了414份盐样．孕妇家庭碘盐覆盖率均399．0％、碘盐合格率均397．0％、合格碘盐食用率均≥96．0％。盐碘中位数为24．9mg／kg。共收集414名孕妇尿样，尿碘中位数为138．5μg／L，〈50μg／L的49份，占11．8％；〈150μg／L的222份，占53．6％。孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期尿碘中位数分别为140．5、178．9、122．8μg／L，不同孕期比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=10．75，P〈0．01）。结论25mg／kg的食盐加碘水平对孕妇略显不足，需要采取其他补碘措施：要加强对孕妇尤其是孕晚期妇女碘营养水平的监测。

Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status in pregnant women after implementation of a new salt iodine standard and to provide a basis in formulating strategy for control of iodine deficiency disorders. Methods According to previous monitoring results, Xinqiao Town and Yongfu Town of Zhangping City （children urinary iodine levels greater than suitable amount, 〉 200 μg/L） were selected as survey sites. Three, 6, 9 and 12 months after replacement of commercially available edible salts to the new standard iodized salt, a survey was carried out, respectively. Fifty pregnant women in the two towns were investigated, respectively; name, age, pregnancy and other information were recorded; and urine and salt samples were collected. Urinary iodine level was determined by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry （WS/T 107-2006）; iodine level of salt was determined by direct titration. Results Four hundred and fourteen salt samples of pregnant women were tested. The household coverage of iodized salt of pregnant women of the four surveys was all ≥99.0%; pass rate of iodized salt was 97.0%; consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 396.0%; and the median of iodine in salt was 24.9 mg/kg. Four hundred and fourteen urine samples of pregnant women were tested, and the number of urinary iodine content less than 50 μg/L was 49, accounting for 11.8%; less than 150 μg/L was 222, accounting for 53.6%. Urinary iodine median was 138.5 μg/L of the 4 surveys. The urinary iodine median of trimester, second trimester and third trimester was 140.5, 178.9, 122.8 μg/L, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （χ2 = 10.75, P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions Iodine level of 25 mg/kg in the salt is slightly less for pregnant women, and they need to take other iodine supplement measures. It is necessary to strengthen iodine nutrition monitoring for pregnant women, especially for pregnant women in the third trimester.