善治的三维定位

Three Dimensions for Defining Good Governance

善治可以分别做出形式定义和实质定义。目前大多数文献涉及的主要是实质定义,而且这些实质定义往往表现为与具体语境、实践领域和理论视角等密切相关的工作定义。从哲学的立场上看,需要从本体论、方法论和实践论上引入三对范畴来分别对善治的不同定义进行澄清,即事实与价值、分析与综合、描述与规范。把握善治的基本规定要根据事实与价值这对范畴,而对善治的构成要素的说明需要分析与综合这对范畴,描述与规范这对范畴则是阐明善治的具体意义所不可或缺的。善治在三维定位中其概念本质得以彰显,基本逻辑结构得以揭示,同时形成共同的善治理念和建构统一的善治理论所面临的主要问题得以呈现。

The definition of good governance can be given by either formal definition or substantial defini- tion. The substantial definition prevails in a lot of literatures concerning to governance and good governance, and appears as working definition according to the different contexts, practices and perspectives. From the view of philosophy, three sets of categories, （ i. e. ontological categories ： fact and value methodological categories： analysis and syntheses, practical categories： description and normativeness）, should be introduced to clarify these working definitions. The sets of fact and value can be used to specify the basic characteristics of good governance, the sets of analysis and syntheses can be taken to discover the constituents of good govern- ance, and the sets of description and normativeness can be applied to explain the practical significance of good governance. The substance of good governance can come out by being posited in three sets of categories, and then the basic logical structure of good governance can be articulated. The formation of common idea of good governance and the construction of unified theory of good governance have to face the problems raised by the a- bove three dimensions.