我国优秀赛艇运动员专项知觉运动技能概念模型的构建与检验

Constructing and Testing of Conceptual Model of Special Perceptual Move Skill of Elite Rowers in China

在前期质性研究的基础上,编制了赛艇运动员专项知觉运动技能问卷,并采用项目分析、探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析等量化研究手段,对该概念模型进行检验。结果显示,赛艇运动员专项运动知觉技能包括自身状态知觉运动技能、艇状态知觉运动技能、桨状态知觉运动技能3个维度;自身状态知觉运动技能包含自身用力知觉和自身体能知觉2个子维度;艇状态知觉运动技能包括艇速知觉运动技能、艇平衡知觉运动技能、艇身状态知觉运动技能和滑座运动状态知觉4个子维度;桨状态知觉运动技能包括划桨效果知觉运动技能、划桨动作调控能力、桨频知觉调控能力和桨力知觉调控能力4个子维度。量化研究检验的赛艇运动员专项运动知觉技能概念模型与前期质化研究结果基本一致,问卷信效度良好,具有一定的理论和实用价值。

In addition to higher requirements of rowers＇ fitness and skills, rowing puts more emphasis on athlete＇s special perceptual move skills of people, boat, oar and water. Based on the preliminary qualitative research, the paper prepared rowers＇ special perceptual move skill questionnaire. Item analysis, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor a- nalysis were used to test the conceptual model. Rowers＇ special perceptual move skill were consisted of perceptual move skill of rowers＇ own state, boat state and oar state. Perceptual move skill of rowers＇ own state included force perception and physical perception. Perceptual move skill of boat state included boat-speed perception, boat-balance perception, boat state perception and sliding seat motion state perception. Perceptual move skill of oar state included the effect of stroke perception, perceptual control ability of rowing movement, stroke frequency and oar power. Results of the quantitative re- search were consistent with the preliminary qualitative research, and the questionnaire had good reliability and validity. This study has theoretical and practical value.