王阳明哲学中的“心”“意”关系略论

On the relationship between mind and thought in Wang Yangming's philosophy

王阳明哲学中的"心""意"关系,有道德意义与境界意义两端,前者为源为主,后者为流为次。就道德意义来看,道德理性将自己表现为意念动机,并通过对意念动机的觉知来把握自身。就境界意义来看,作为情绪主体的心在各种具体的情绪中获得实存,并通过对拘泥于具体情绪的扬弃而回到本真存在的状态。两种意义上的"心""意"关系既有区别,又统一于良知概念之中,共同表征出即体即用、即存有即活动的特质。

The relationship between mind and thought in Wang Yangming's philosophy can be understood from two perspectives,that is,morality and spiritual attainment. Morality is the fundamental and the original. In terms of morality,the moral reason represents itself in thought and gets the knowledge of itself through the consciousness and judgment of thought. As for spiritual attainment,the emotional subject exists in different emotions and returns to itself by abandoning its indulgence in specific emotions. The above- mentioned two relations between mind and thought in Wang Yangming's philosophy are different from each other,yet united in the concept of innate knowledge,showing the unity of substance and function,and of existence and action,which are outstanding characteristics of innate knowledge.