司法改革视野下中国民事案件管理制度的构建

Case Management in the Vision of Civil Justice Reform

案件管理的改革之所以成为全球性趋势与许多国家的民事司法制度都在面临某种危机密切相关。在中国,随着市场交易活动的频繁与民众权利意识的勃兴,法院受案数量大幅增长,迫于受案的压力,20世纪80年代末期,一场审判方式的改革在中国法院系统内展开并逐步演变为全方位的司法改革。在这之中,以司法公正及司法效率为直接目的的案件管理理念也影响到中国并逐步成为现实的制度设计。中国多数法院已基本建立了有关案件审理具体排期的管理制度,但由于欠缺系统性与整体性的考量,这些制度大多存在内部不连贯和不协调。因此,中国司法机构在设计案件管理制度时应当具备整体性眼界,既要确立起指导作用的诉讼理论以及基本原则,也要制定并不断完善可操作性的具体措施。

Case management reform has become a global trend, which is closely related to many countries＇ ex- periencing some kind of crisis of civil justice system. During the late 1980s, a reform of the trial court system in China started and gradually extended to the entire justice system and judicial institutions, evolved into a full range of judicial reform. In this way, the concept of case management for the direct purpose of justice and judicial efficiency has also affected China and gradually becomes a realistic system design. The majority of the courts in China have basically established case listing management system, but for lack of systematic and holistic considerations, these systems are mostly incoherent and inconsistent internal existence. Therefore, China＇ s judicial case manage- ment system in the design should establish a direction of basic principles and develop and constantly improve the operability of specific measures.