铜陵市某铸造企业职业病危害现状调查

Investigation on the current situation of occupational hazards in a foundry enterprise in Tongling

目的了解铸造行业职业病危害因素的现状,为职业流行病学研究和铸造行业职业病危害因素控制提供基础数据。方法采用随机抽样方法对铜陵市铸造行业某企业作业场所中粉尘、有毒气体、噪声及高温等职业病危害因素现场检测结果及作业工人健康监护情况进行调查。结果该企业作业场所中粉尘游离二氧化硅含量大部分大于10%,粉尘浓度为0.2-6.1 mg/m^3,最大超标倍数为48倍,粉尘超标场所主要集中在抛砂、抛丸和清理岗位;各作业场所中的有毒气物质检测结果均符合国家卫生标准;噪声强度检测6个岗位,仅有1个岗位符合国家卫生标准;高温作业岗位的温度略高于国家卫生标准。结论铸造行业职业病危害仍比较严重,尤其是粉尘和噪声。建议强化企业职业病防治主体意识,投入资金进行技术改造,加强个人防护;落实并完善健康监护和定期检测评价制度;监管部门应加大监管力度。

[Objective]To understand the current situation of occupational hazards in foundry industry, provide the basic data for occupational epidemiological studies and control of occupational hazards. [Methods]The site test results of occupational hazard factors such as dust,poisonous gas,noise and high temperature and health monitoring situation of workers in a foundry enterprise in Tongling were investigated by random sampling method.[Results]The content of free silica in dust in foundry industry was more than 10%,the concentration of dust was 0.2-6.1 mg/m^3,and the biggest exceed multiple was 48 times,the excessive workplaces of dust were mainly in sand throwing,shot-blasting and clean-up posts. The test results of toxic substance in workplaces all accorded with the national standards. The temperature of high-temperature work post was slightly higher than the national health standards. [Conclusion]The occupational hazards in foundry industry are still serious,especially dust and noise. The subject consciousness of occupational disease prevention and control should be strengthened. Enterprises should put funds for technological transformation and strengthen personal protection,implement and improve the system of health monitoring and regular testing evaluation. Supervision department should strengthen the supervision.