2013年北京市东城区(南)部分青少年烟草使用现状及其相关因素

Tobacco use status and related factors of some adolescents in Dongcheng District(south)of Beijing in 2013

目的通过了解北京市东城区(南)中小学校学生烟草使用现状及其对烟草危害知识的认知,对待吸烟的态度、二手烟暴露现状及影响尝试吸烟的因素,为开展控烟教育提供依据。方法监测对象为小学四年级及以上中小学生,采用简单随机抽样的方法,抽取了辖区1所小学、1所完全中学和1所职业高中(职高)的学生共计513人进行了问卷调查。结果东城区(南)中小学生(包括职高)的尝试吸烟率为21.44%,男生高于女生;现在吸烟率为12.67%,且男生高于女生;吸烟率为5.07%;学段越高,尝试吸烟率及现在吸烟率越高,并且职高的数据明显高于其他学段;过去7天内中小学生被动吸烟率为81.14%,不同学段和性别的差异无统计学意义;81.09%的学生认为吸烟肯定是有害的,76.41%的学生认为别人吐出的烟雾肯定是有害的;多因素logistic回归分析显示,尝试吸烟与性别、平均每天的零花钱、学段、学习成绩、在校园内见过有人吸烟及见过同学、朋友吸烟有关。结论该区学校控烟工作仍要加强,并应积极寻求家长、社区和社会各方面的协助;重点应加强对职高学生,尤其是学习成绩差的男生的控烟教育;并应积极开展无烟社区、无烟校园的创建工作。

[Objective]To understand the tobacco use status,awareness of knowledge about harm of tobacco,attitudes towards smoking,secondhand smoke exposure status,and factors that influence the smoking attempt among primary and secondary school students in Dongcheng District（south） of Beijing, provide the basis for implementing the education of tobacco control.[Methods] The respondents included primary school students in grade 4-6,and secondary school students. By using the simple random sampling,513 students from one primary school,one secondary school and one vocational high school were collected,to conduct a questionnaire survey.[Results]The attempt smoking rate of primary and secondary school students was 21.44%,and the rate in boys was higher than that in girls. The current smoking rate was 12.67%,and the rate in boys was higher than that in girls. The smoking rate was 5.07%,the attempt smoking rate and current smoking rate increased with increasing of school stage,and the data of vocational high school were significantly higher than those in other school stages. The rate of passive smoking in the past 7 days was 81.14%,and there were no significant differences among different school stage,age groups. 81.09% of students believed that smoking is harmful to health, and 76.41% thought that secondhand smoke is bad for the health.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking attempt was related to sex,pocket money,school stage,academic record,ever seen someone smoking in school,and ever seen students/friends smoking.[Conclusion]The tobacco control should be strengthened in schools in Dongcheng District,and actively seek the assistance from parents,community and society. It is necessary to improve the education of tobacco control among vocational high school students,especially the boys with poor academic performance,and actively create the smoke-free community and campus.