南京市高校教师亚健康现状及相关因素分析

An analysis of sub-health and related factors among college teachers in Nanjing City

目的了解南京市高校教师亚健康的发生情况及其影响因素,为高校教师健康制定干预对策提供参考依据。方法采用自行设计的亚健康调查问卷,应用分层随机整群抽样方法对南京市512名教师的亚健康状况进行调查。结果调查对象中亚健康发生率为57.81%,在性别和职称之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.960,P<0.01;χ2=7.859,P<0.05);亚健康主要表现形式为记忆力减退(50.68%)、工作效率低(48.31%)、易疲劳(45.611%)等;教学和科研压力大、经济待遇偏低、职称评定竞争、缺乏体育锻炼、不良作息习惯等是亚健康发生的主要危险因素。结论南京市高校教师亚健康发生率较高,并与多种因素有关,应及早采取相应干预措施。

[Objective]To study the sub-health and its influencing factors among college teachers in Nanjing City,provide the basis for formulating the health intervention measures of college teachers. [Methods]The sub-health status of 512 teachers who were collected by the stratified randomly cluster sampling was investigated with a self-designed sub-health questionnaire. [Results]The incidence rate of sub-health among objects was 57.81%,and there were statistically significant differences among groups of different sex,professional title（χ^2 =9.960,P〈0.01;χ^2 =7.859,P〈0.05）. The main symptoms of sub-health were hypomnesis（50.68%）,bad work efficiency（48.31%）and fatigue（45.611%）. The main risk factors of sub-health included working pressure,low economic income, professional title competition among colleagues, lack of physical exercise, and bad living habits.[Conclusion] The incidence rate of sub-health is high among college teachers in Nanjing City,and is related to multiple factors.It is necessary to take intervention measures as soon as possible.