要素市场扭曲对企业家才能配置的影响研究——基于动态面板系统GMM的研究方法

An Analysis on Factor Market Distortion and Allocation of Entrepreneurial Talent——Based on the Dynamic Panel SYS GMM Method

转型经济下的中国,要素市场扭曲的制度结构可影响企业家才能的配置。企业家将要素扭曲租金转化为出口优势的"寻租"动机直接制约了企业家才能的发挥。本文研究发现,要素市场扭曲在短期内可能会"倒逼"企业家将"要素租"转化为"集聚租",实现专业化分工的深化;然而长期内,要素市场扭曲却会制约企业家将"要素租"转化为"创新租",从而影响企业家持续的自主创新。研究表明,加快要素市场的市场化进程和实现有效的政府治理有助于企业家才能的正向配置,并可进一步促进我国在国际分工中实现动态比较优势的增进。

In China＇s transitional economy, factor market distortion（FMD） may affect allocation of entrepreneurial talent. Entrepreneurs used to obtain the low-cost factor rental income and transform it into export advantage. It may constrain the entre- preneurship as a result. This article finds that in the short term, FMD may ＂force＂ entrepreneurs to transform the ＂factor rent＂ into ＂agglomeration rent＂ which can deepen the division of labor; while in the long term, FMD may constrain entrepreneurs to transform ＂factor rent＂ into ＂innovation rent＂, thus affecting the further sustainable innovation. The result suggests that under the international division background, the speed-up of factor market marketing process and effective government regulation are not only beneficial for the positive allocation of entrepreneurial talent, but also can promote the dynamic comparative advantage development.