基于化学分析的薄荷药材商品规格划分的相关性研究

Relativity of commercial specification of Menthae Herba based on chemical analysis

该文对比研究市售及不同产地35批薄荷药材挥发油指纹图谱、挥发油及6种共有萜类成分含量的差异,为从化学成分角度制定薄荷药材商品规格和等级划分标准提供实验依据。采用GC-MS分析了薄荷药材的化学成分;运用中药色谱指纹图谱技术建立了薄荷药材指纹图谱并进行了相似度、系统聚类及主成分分析;研究分析了薄荷药材中挥发油量与6种共有萜类成分含量的相关性。不同产地、来源薄荷药材的化学特征存在较大的差异,可以划分为L-薄荷醇型、胡薄荷酮型、香芹酮型、L-薄荷酮型4个化学类型,但其与产地的相关性并不明显;薄荷药材的指纹图谱在一定程度上能够区分药材的不同化学类型,但不能有效判断不同薄荷药材的产地来源;挥发油含量与6个共有萜类成分总含量及L-薄荷醇含量呈正相关。初步建议以薄荷药材中挥发油含量及6个共有萜类成分总含量或L-薄荷醇含量作为薄荷药材商品规格和等级划分的标准之一。该结果为从化学成分角度制定薄荷药材的商品规格和等级划分标准提供了参考。

In order to compare the differences of 35 Menthae Herba samples collected on the market and at producing areas, the contents of six total terpenoids, the essential oil and chromatographic fingerprints were analyzed, which provided evidences for drawing up the commodity specifications and grading criteria of Menthae Herba. GC-MS method was used to analyze the chemical constituents of 55 different samples. The chromatographic fingerprints obtained by using GC were then evaluated by similarity analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis and principal component analysis. The relativity between the content of six terpenoids and the essential oil were stud- ied. In this study, the chemical profiles of 35 samples from different producing areas had significant disparity. All samples collected in the report could be categorized into four chemical types, L-menthol, pulegone, carvone and L-menthone, but the chemical profiles had no relationship with the areas. The chromatographic fingerprints of the samples from different types were dissimilar, while the different producing areas were difficult to be separated. It was indicated that the content of volatile oil was positively correlated with the content of L-menthol and the sum of six total terpenoids. The content of the essential oil, L-menthol and the sum of six total terpenoids of Men- thae Herba were considered as one of the commercial specifications and grading criteria. These results in the research could be helpful to draw up the commercial specification and grading criteria of Menthae Herba from a view of chemical information.