《左传》中“衅鼓”的统计分析——兼与佤族木鼓旧俗比较

A Statistic and Analysis on the Zuo Zhuan's “Xin Gu”: A Comparsion Study with Wooden Drum Old Customs of the Wa People

《左传》中的"衅鼓"作为一种古礼,有杀戮、衅仪、血衅等意义,这值得讨论。首先,采用统计法对《左传》中20次"衅"字进行统计分析,得到初步结论:衅鼓是指用牲血或战俘(仇敌)之血献祭新铸成的钟、鼓等礼乐器或是战鼓、军旗等军器的仪式;其次,采用比较法对比了《左传》的衅鼓与云南阿佤山核心区佤族木鼓旧俗,旨在通过后者反观前者的面貌。最后,形成本文结论:二者有关联也有不同。佤族木鼓旧俗的时代特征要早于《左传》的衅鼓特征。依佤族木鼓旧俗反观《左传》的衅鼓,用人血衅鼓当为真实存在。

＂Xin Gu＂, as an ancient etiquette in ＂Zuo Zhuan＂, means killing, ＂Xin＂ Ceremony, and blood sacrifice. This present article made a discussion on it. Firstly, a statistical method was used to analyzed the 20 ＂Xin＂ words, it was concluded that ＂Xin Gu＂ is a Ceremony that referred to the blood sacrifice or prisoners of War （ the enemy） blood sacrifice new cast bell, drum and other ritual instruments or drums. Secondly, a comparison study with Zuo Zhuan＇ s ＂Xin Gu＂ and Wooden Drum old customs of the Wa People was employed, the purpose was to reflect the former＇ s appearance. Finally, it was concluded that both of ＂Xin Gu＂ and Wooden Drum old customs of the Wa People have relations and differences, the latter appeared much earlier to the former.