北京龙泉务窑白瓷化学组成的研究

Study on Chemical Composition of White Porcelain in Beijing Longquanwu Kiln Site

用毛细管聚焦的微束X射线荧光研究了北京龙泉务窑烧制的辽代早期、辽代中期、辽代晚期和金代4个不同历史时期白瓷的化学组成,并用因子分析的方法对实验数据进行了分析。分析结果表明,北京龙泉务窑不同历史时期烧制的白瓷,按其制瓷原料的化学成分划分为两类,一类以辽代早期白瓷为中心,另一类是以辽代中期白瓷为中心;辽代晚期和金代烧制的白瓷化学成分分别与辽代早期和辽代中期接近;精细白瓷的化学组成和粗白瓷的化学组成基本近似,无显著性差别。实验数据不支持北京龙泉务窑存在官窑的推测。北京龙泉务窑白瓷中高含量的微量元素Sr,可认为是北京龙泉务窑白瓷的产地特征。

The chemical composition of ancient white porcelain in Beijing Longquanwu kiln in 4 different historical periods of early Liao Dynasty, middle Liao Dynasty, later Liao Dynasty and Jin Dynasty are analyzed by micro-X-ray fluorescence focused by polycapillary optics. The experimental data are carried out by factor analysis. The results show that ancient white porcelain in different historical periods in Beijing Longquanwu kiln can be divided into two sorts according to their chemical compositions. The one center of ancient white porcelain is that of early Liao Dynasty, and the other is that of middle Liao Dynasty. The chemical composition of ancient white porcelain in later Liao Dynasty and Jin Dynasty are similar to that of early Liao and middle Liao, respectively. There is no significant difference of chemical composition of ancient white porcelain between the ancient fine white porcelain and ancient coarse white porcelain. The experimental result does not support the hypothesis that Beijing Longquanwu kiln is GUAN kiln in history. Moreover, the high content of minor element Sr is the characteristic of chemical composition of ancient white porcelain in Beijing Longquanwu kiln.