长白山野生笃斯越橘根系内生菌资源调查

Survey on Root Endophytic Fungi Resources of Vaccinium uliginosum Linn.

为探讨长白山野生笃斯越橘菌根的形态结构和内生真菌的分布特征及种类,通过压片法对野生笃斯越橘菌根形态和内生真菌的分布进行了研究,并采用根段组织直接培养分离法和根段组织研磨培养分离法对根系内生真菌进行了分离培养,结合真菌形态和分子生物学方法对分离菌株进行了鉴定和多样性分析。结果表明,野生笃斯越橘菌根侵染率高达75%;对菌丝的形态观察得出,至少3类不同形态的内生真菌参与菌根的形成,粗菌丝形成致密的菌丝团,细菌丝形成疏松的菌丝团,疏松的粗菌丝贯穿细胞。两种分离方法共分离得到175株内生真菌,其中150株经形态学和分子综合鉴定为5属8种,其中Phialocephala spp.是优势属,占菌株总数的68.57%。根段组织研磨培养分离法较根段组织直接培养分离法获得的内生真菌多,细菌根较粗菌根多。研究获得的大量内生真菌资源为进一步生物防治菌株的筛选、开发与利用奠定了基础。

The mycorrhizal morphology and distribution of endophytic fungi in wild Vaccinium uliginosum Linn. in Changbai Mountain were studied through tabletting method. The endophytic fungi were isolated through root segment culturing method and grinding method,and were identified and analyzed based on fungal morphology and molecular biology technique. The results showed that the mycorrhizal infection rate was as high as 75%. According to the morphology of hyphae,the wild Vaccinium uliginosum Linn. contained at least three kinds of endophytic fungi,among which,thick hyphae formed dense hypha body,loose thick hyphae ran through the cell and thin hyphae formed loose hypha body. A total of 175 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated. Through morphology and molecular identification,150 strains were divided into 8 species in 5 genera,among which,Phialocephala spp. was the dominant genera with the frequency of 68. 57%. The amount of endophytic fungi isolated by root segment grinding method was larger than that of root segment culturing method,and that isolated from thin mycorrhiza was larger than that from thick mycorrhiza. The isolation of plentiful endophytic fungi laid foundations for further screening,development and utilization of bio- control strains.