不同关系复杂性和学习程度下参照性交流与个人学习的比较

A Comparative Study of Referential Communication and Individual Learning under the Conditions of the Different Relational Complexity and Learning Degree

以216名大学生为被试,创设关系复杂性不断增高的三种学习材料,通过功能预测任务和维度选择任务,比较探查了不同学习程度下参照性交流和个人学习的差异特点。结果发现:(1)关系复杂性和学习程度影响两种学习方式学习效果的差异,关系复杂性高的条件下,个人条件学习效果极其显著优于参照条件;低成绩组条件下,参照条件学习效果显著优于个人条件。(2)不同学习程度下参照性交流学习中被试选择性注意整体水平和指向性水平极其显著高于个人学习,且不受关系复杂性的影响;两种学习方式的选择性注意集中性水平无显著差异。

216 undergraduate students participated in the current study. The study designed three kinds of experimental materials. The relational complexity was eonstantly changing. The study explored the differences between referential communication and individual learning under the condition of different learning degrees by functional prediction task and dimensions selection task. The results showed： （ 1 ） Relational eomplexity and learning degree affected the differences of learning effects between referential communication and individual learning. When the relational complexity was the highest, the individual learning effect was extremely significantly higher than that of the referential communication. The scores of referential communication were significantly higher than that of individual learning. under the condition of low performance group. （2） The participants＇ overall levels of selective attention under the referential communication condition were extremely significantly higher than that under the individual condition. This was mainly manifested in the the directivity of selective attention. The levels of the eoncerntration of selective attention between learning manners did not appeared significant difference under the condition of different relational complexities and different learning degrees.