海德格尔与福柯的知识技术观对医学人文研究的启示

Reflection on Heidegger and Foucault's Concept of Knowledge and Technology on Medical Humanities

20世纪,现代医学因借助各种精密的诊断仪器和设备而发生了巨大的变化,大量从前未知、未能得到解决的疾病被一一攻克,但与之相伴而生的,却是逐渐恶化的医患关系及日益加深的医学人文危机。纵观危机产生的原因,技术至上主义与知识权威主义,作为现代性的表征和后果,正在得到医学界的认知和反思。从20世纪西方重要的两位思想家入手,通过分析海德格尔对现代技术的追问及福柯对作为权力的知识的分析,揭示了理性在现代医学发展中的局限,论证了理性实践必须与人文关怀相契合,才能在提升医学技术的同时,创造出更好、更善的医学,真正地造福人类。

In the 20 th century,with the development of sophisticated diagnostic equipments and facilities,great changes have taken place in modern medicine,huge amount of unknown and unresolved diseases have been overcome.In the mean time,we have also witnessed a gradual deterioration of the doctor-patient relationship and profound medical humanities crisis.This article examined the causes of the crisis,technical suprematism and knowledge suprematism,both as the characterization and consequences of modernity,and raised awareness and reflection on the medical profession.By studying the two important western thinkers of the 20 th century,Heidegger＇s question concerning modern technology and Foucault＇s research on the power of the modern knowledge,this article revealed the limits of rationality in modern medicine,and brought to light that only the rational acts being practice with humane care can be truly benefit from the enhancement of medical technology.