医务人员职业暴露免疫接种的伦理思考

Ethical Consideration on Vaccination Associated with Occupational Exposure of Healthcare Staff

尽管免疫接种是预防医务人员职业暴露的重要手段,但医务人员接种率很低。探讨了医务人员接种疫苗以应对职业暴露过程中涉及的伦理问题,对其中接种率较低的现象背后存在的道德冲突进行研究。列举医务人员职业暴露进行免疫接种过程中的案例,比较分析其中与医学伦理学准则矛盾的现象,透视出其实质是一系列伦理困境,包括医务人员之间的公共卫生受益与风险矛盾、医患之间的自主权利矛盾,以及医务人员与公众之间的卫生行政伦理决策等。

It is important to have the vaccination to protect the healthcare staff from the occupational exposure.This paper explored the controversial ethical issues associated with the vaccination for the healthcare staff to deal with the occupational exposure.In addition,it analyzed the moral conflicts behind the low vaccination rate.Based on the cases of the vaccination for the healthcare staff,this paper tried to uncover the essence of the ethical dilemma in the vaccination by analyzing the moral contradictions among the healthcare staff,the patients and the public.Accordingly,the ethical dilemma involved the topics such as decorum,deontology,and politic ethics in the process of the vaccination for the healthcare staff.