社会距离与医患之间的不满情绪——基于鲁西北某乡镇中心卫生院的考察

Social Distance and Discontent Emotion between Doctor and Patient:Study Based on Survey Conducted at a Township Health Center in the Northwest of Shandong

患者对医院的不满情绪是当下中国社会亟需关注的一个问题。基于在鲁西北某乡镇中心卫生院的实地观察和个案访谈,发现新病户对医院的不满情绪明显高于老病户。研究指出,相较于新病户,老病户与医护人员互动的次数更多、打交道的时间更长,这有利于缩小老病户与医护人员之间的社会关系距离,增进双方之间的亲密感、理解和信任,呈现出社会心理学上经典的单纯接触效应。据此,在医疗实践中,可以有意识地通过增加医护人员与病患之间的接触互动来增强双方之间的亲密感和积极评价,进而促进医患良性互动。

Patients＇ discontent emotion to hospital is prominent in contemporary China.Based on field observation and case interview conducted at a township health center in the northwest of Shandong,it was found that new patients＇ discontent emotion to hospital was obviously stronger than the old patients.It pointed out that the old patients had more chance to interact with medical staff,which can help them reduce social distance,and promote their understandings and trust.Therefore,mere exposure effect has been demonstrated.According to the results,the hospital can enhance interaction between the medical staff and the patients in order to promote positive appraisal and construct favorable doctor-patient relationship.