孕期有氧运动与妊娠结局的相关性研究

The report of correlation between aerobic-exercise and pregnancy outcome in pregnancy

目的分析孕期有氧运动与妊娠并发症(妊娠期高血压疾病、妊娠期糖尿病)及分娩结局的关系。方法对2013年6月至2014年4月在兰州市妇幼保健院产科门诊进行正规产检的初产妇进行前瞻性研究,其中150例自愿行孕期有氧运动训练者为试验组,其他150例未行有氧运动者为对照组,两组分别于孕16周(运动前)、孕37周(运动后)测量体重,并对两组孕妇的分娩方式、产程时间、分娩疼痛级别、产后出血以及妊娠并发症的发病率进行比较。结果 (1)试验组体重及BMI增长低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)试验组妊娠并发症(妊娠高血压疾病及妊娠期糖尿病)的发病率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)试验组阴道分娩率明显高于对照组,剖宫产率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),产程时间、分娩疼痛级别、产后出血量均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论孕期规律、适量的有氧运动更能合理控制体重增长;可提高自然分娩率,降低剖宫产率,缩短产程时间,降低产后出血发生率,得到较好的分娩结局,并可降低妊娠高血压疾病及妊娠期糖尿病发病率,有效缓解分娩疼痛,对产科的工作起到了积极的作用,此方法简单、方便、无创伤、易开展,值得的在推广使用。

ObjectiveTo study the relationship among aerobic-exercise, pregnancy complications during pregnancy （gestational hypertension disease, gestational diabetes） and delivery outcomes.Methods Primiparas with regular physical examination in our hospital during June, 2013-April, 2014 were selected randomly. 150 primiparas who have voluntary aerobic-exercise training pointed were as research group. 150 primiparas without aerobic-exercise pointed were as control. Measured weight at 16 weeks and 37 weeks respectively. Researched the difference of the way of delivery, labor time and labor pain level, postpartum hemorrhage and incidence of pregnancy complications between two groups.Results The body weight and body mass index growth of experimental group were lower than that of control group （P〈0.05）. The incidence of pregnancy complications of research group were significant lower than that of control （P〈0.05）. Vaginal births were significant higher in research group than that of control. The cesarean delivery rate was significantly lower than that of control （P〈0.01）. The level of labor time and labor pain, postpartum haemorrhage was lower than that of control （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Regular, moderate aerobic-exercise can control weight gain reasonably during pregnancy, can improve the natural births, reduce cesarean section rate, shorten delivery time, reduce the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, get better birth outcomes, and can decrease incidence of gestational hypertension and gestational diabetes, relieve labor pain effectively. The method is simple, convenient, non-invasive, easy to carry out, worth to promotion.