Bcl2在乳腺癌中的研究进展

Research progress of Bcl2 in breast cancer

B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2(B cell lymphoma/leukemia2,Bcl2)是一种抗凋亡基因,其高表达与肿瘤发生关系密切。非三阴性乳腺癌中存在Bcl2的高表达,其高表达的机制尚未完全清楚,已发现参与调节的因素有雌激素、COX2、EGFR、BP1及E-钙黏蛋白等。研究发现Bcl2的高表达预示着非三阴性乳腺癌患者较好的预后,可能与Bcl2在乳腺癌细胞中高表达可减缓细胞增殖、肿瘤生长,并减弱其侵袭性有关。Bcl2过表达可拮抗细胞凋亡,减弱乳腺癌对化疗药物的敏感性。Bcl2过表达却可作为乳腺癌对他莫昔芬治疗良好反应性的指标。针对Bcl2的基因治疗是目前肿瘤治疗的研究热点,反义寡核苷酸技术、Bcl2蛋白抑制剂等均可作为下调Bcl2的手段,已有不少体外实验证实了它对乳腺癌细胞凋亡的诱导作用及其逆转化疗耐受性的功能。

Bcl2 （B cell lymphoma/leukemia 2） is best known as an anti-apoptotic gene and its high expression is closely related to tumorigenesis. Bcl2 is over-expressed in the triple-negative breast cancer （TNBC）, and the mechanism ofBcl2 protein′s over-expression is not fully clear, several factors such as estrogen, COX2, EGFR and BP1 have been proved participating in it. The study has found that high expression of Bcl2 indicates a better prognosis in TNBC patients, which is likely related to its effects of slowing down cell proliferation, tumor growth and weakening aggressiveness. The high expression of Bcl2 can antagonism cell apoptosis, reduce the sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs in breast cancer cells. However, Bcl2protein′s over-expression can be used as good reactivity to tamoxifen treatment of breast cancer. Gene therapies targeting Bcl2, such as the antisense oligonucleotide technology and Bcl2 protein inhibitors, which can be means of downregulating Bcl2 expression. And its effects on inducing cell apoptosis and reversing the resistance of chemotherapy and endocrinotherapy had been confirmed by many in-vitro experiments.