口腔颌面外科手术患者医院感染调查分析

Investigation and analysis of hospital infection in patients with oral maxillofacial surgery

目的：调查和分析口腔颌面外科手术患者医院感染情况。方法：采用回顾性调查方法,对我院2009年1月至2011年12月期间口腔颌面外科住院的手术患者病历进行统计分析。结果：1 413例口腔颌面外科手术患者中55例发生了医院感染,发生率为3.89%,其中唇腭裂手术患者的医院感染发生率最高（22.73%）,感染部位主要是下呼吸道（34.55%）;住院时间与医院感染率的高低呈正相关;0~3岁的婴幼儿与60岁以上的老年人为医院感染的易感人群;全麻者感染率（4.25%）高于局麻者（1.20%）。结论：下呼吸道是口腔颌面外科患者术后较容易发生感染的一个部位,住院时间是与医院感染发生关系非常密切的因素,罹患口腔颌面部肿瘤的老年患者与唇腭裂的患儿是医院感染的易感人群。

Objective： To investigate and analyze the hospital infection situation of the patients with oral maxillofacial surgery. Methods： All cases of inpatient medical records from Jan 2009 to Dec 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Results： Fity-five cases were found with the hospital infection among 1 413 patients and the incidence rate was 3.89%. The infectious rate was the highest in the patients with the cleft lip and palate （22.73%）. The most common infection site happened in the lower respiratory tract （34. 55% ）. The length of hospital stay was positively correlated to hospital infection rate. Infancy（0 to 3 years old）and the patients more than 60 years old were susceptible population. The hospital infection rate in general anesthesia was higher than that of the local anesthesia（4. 25%vsl. 2% ）. Conclusion： The lower respiratory tract is most common infection site in patients with oral maxillofacial surgery. The length of hospital stay is a key factor for the occurrence hospital infection. Both the elderly patients with oral maxillofacial tumor and children with cleft lip palate are susceptible to hospital infection.