覆膜方式对坡耕地春玉米产量、土壤水分和养分的影响

Effect of Plastic Film Mulching Methods on Spring Maize Yield,Soil Water and Nutrients in Slope Farmland

为了探讨覆膜对宁南山区坡耕地春玉米栽培的可行性,寻求合适的覆膜方式。在宁南山区坡耕地条件下,通过田间小区试验研究了裸地平作（CK）、垄沟不覆膜（NM）、垄沟全覆膜（WM）和垄沟半覆膜（HM）4种不同覆膜方式对春玉米产量、土壤水分和养分含量的影响。结果表明,相对于CK处理,WM和HM处理能显著提高春玉米产量,分别提高了65.4%和62.5%。WM和HM处理也能增加0~80 cm土壤含水量和储水能力,提高土壤氮磷钾速效养分含量,较好地维持土地生产力。综合考虑春玉米产量、土壤储水保水能力和土壤肥力维持等因素,在宁南山区坡耕地春玉米植种中,垄沟全覆膜和垄沟半覆膜都是较好的覆膜栽培措施。

The study aims to discuss whether plastic film mulching is suitable for spring maize cultivation inslope farmland in the Southern Mountain Region of Ningxia or not, and find the rational mulching methods. Afield experiment was conducted in slope farmland in the Southern Mountain Region of Ningxia, to investigatethe effect of 4 different mulching methods, conventional tillage（CK）, no-plastic film mulching in ridge（NM）,whole-plastic film mulching in ridge（WM） and half-plastic film mulching in ridge（HM）, on spring maizeyield, soil water and nutrients contents. The results indicated that spring maize yields were significantlyincreased in treatments WM and HM in contrast to treatment CK, the yield increment was 65.4% and 62.5%,respectively. Soil water content and storage capacity of 0-80 cm, soil available nutrients content of N, P, Kwere also increased in treatments WM and HM, and thus it was benefit for maintaining soil productivity. Oncomprehensive consideration of spring maize yield, soil water storage capacity and soil fertility maintaining,both whole-plastic film mulching and half-plastic film mulching in ridge could be good mulching methods forspring maize planting in slope farmland in the Southern Mountain Region of Ningxia.