蚯蚓对土壤碳氮循环的影响及其作用机理研究进展

Progress and Prospect of Effect and Mechanism of Earthworm on the Cycle of Soil Carbon and Nitrogen

蚯蚓是一种大型的土壤动物,在土壤碳氮循环中起着重要作用。从植被生产力、有机质的矿化分解、生物利用等方面总结了蚯蚓在土壤碳循环和氮循环中的影响及其作用的内在机理,蚯蚓通过对土壤的取食、钻孔,以及自身代谢产生的粪便和分泌物提高了植被生产力、增加了土壤碳库存量和土壤—大气碳通量、增加了生物固氮作用、加速了凋落物的碎屑和分解、加速了土壤氮素的矿化和反硝化作用的进行、减少了土壤氮的淋失,提出了蚯蚓在稻田生态系统的应用前景,为培肥土壤和土壤的可持续性利用提供理论依据和指导意义。

Earthworm, as a large- size soil animal, plays an important role in the cycle of soil carbon andnitrogen. The paper summarized the effect and mechanism of earthworm in the soil carbon and nitrogen cyclesuch as plant productivity, mineralization and decomposition of organic matter and bio- utilization. Thedisturbance of earthworms, such as eating soil, feces drilling, and their droppings and secretions produced bythe metabolism, improved plant productivity, increased soil carbon stock and the flux of atmospheric- soil,increased biological nitrogen fixation, accelerate the debris and decomposition of the litterfall, accelerated soilnitrogen mineralization and denitrification and reduced soil nitrogen leaching. The research put forward theapplication prospect of earthworm in the paddy ecosystem and provided some theoretical foundation andguiding significance for the improvement of soil fertility and the sustainable use of soil.