河南地区不同年龄组无鼾男性上气道及周围结构的X线头影测量研究

Cephalometric study of upper airway structures of non-snoring males from different age groups in Henan area

目的获取河南地区不同年龄组无鼾男性人群上气道及周围结构22项测量项目的正常参考值范围,为OSAS的初步诊断及治疗设计提供参考。同时进行年龄组之间的比较,探讨上气道及周围组织结构的增龄性改变。方法按一定筛选标准,从郑州大学第一附属医院健康体检科就诊的1 088位男性中,筛选出65名无呼吸睡眠障碍者,分为青年组（18-25岁,平均年龄21.7岁）25例,中年组（34-47岁,平均年龄39.4岁）22例,老年组（54-65岁,平均年龄57.3岁）18例。所有个体均按一定要求摄制自然头位下的X线头颅侧位定位片,利用Winceph 8.0头影测量软件测量上气道及周围结构的22项指标,对数据进行统计学分析。结果 （1）获得河南地区三个年龄组的无鼾正常男性上气道及周围结构的22项测量指标的参考值范围。（2）研究表明,不同年龄组的上气道及周围结构存在差异,随年龄增长,上气道腭咽部矢状径和舌咽部矢状径变小,软腭变长变厚,舌骨及会厌位置变低。无鼾老年男性有较宽大的鼻咽部,较小的舌体,舌骨位置较中年前移。结论首次建立了河南地区不同年龄组无鼾正常男性上气道及周围组织结构的正常参考值数据库,为临床诊断分析和治疗设计提供理论基础和参考依据。不同年龄组人群上气道及周围结构存在差异,应分年龄段建立上气道及周围结构的正常参考值数据库。

Objective To obtain the cephalometric measurements of upper airway and surrounding tissues of non -snoring males from different age groups in Henan province and to investigate the age -related changes of the morphology of upper airway .Methods According to certain criteria ,65 non-snoring males were chosen from 1088 volunteers from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University .The males were divided into 3 groups：25 in younger group（18-25 years old）,22 in middle-aged group（34-47 years old） and 18 in aged group（54-65 years old ） .Lateral cephalograms of the subjects were taken respectively at natural head position with a roentgenographic cephalometer .Air-way dimensions and dentofacial parameters were measured using Winceph 8.0.All statistical analysis were conducted using SPSS 17.0.De-scriptive statistics were calculated for all measurements ,and the One-Way ANOVA test was used to evaluate intergroup differences .Results 1.Obtain the X-cephalometric values of upper airway and surrounding tissues of non -snoring males from three age groups from Henan province . 2.The results also demonstrated that there were differences on the morphology of upper airway and surrounding tissues among the three groups . With age increasing ,the sagittal diameter of velopharynx and glossopharynx tended to be smaller ,the soft palate becomes longer and thicker ,and the position of vallecular and hyhoid bone becomes lower .The aged group tended to have larger nasopharynx and smaller tongue size than the middle-aged group and the younger group ,and the hyhoid bone was positioned more anterior than the middle -aged group.Conclusion The database of cephalometric normal reference values of upper airway and surrounding tissues of non -snoring males from 3 age groups in Henan province was established for further research and clinical use .The morphology of upper airway and surrounding tissues changes by the increase of age .