院前急救师资培训的实践与探索

Exploration on the practice of cultivating the trainers in prehospital emergency

目的响应江苏省"百万救护培训"工作,探索院前急救师资培训模式。方法从各级卫生医疗单位、医学院校、红会工作人员中选取10名对象,从理论知识、实践操作及授课技巧三个方面,采用主题讲座、分组操练和自我探索学习的方式进行培训;培训频率为每周1 d加2周封闭强化训练,共计4个月。在培训前后各阶段分别对受训者进行考核测评。结果 10名师资人员的理论成绩不断提高,且培训前与培训后各时间点的理论知识平均成绩不等(F=60.09,P<0.001);单项操作方面,除前臂中段骨折固定、腹部匕首刺入和骨盆骨折培训前与培训后1个月操作平均成绩间无差异,及培训后不同时间头顶部出血的测试成绩之间无差异(P>0.05)外,成人心肺复苏仅培训后与培训前有差异(P<0.05),其他各项操作平均成绩与培训前相比,培训后均有所提高(P<0.05);情景演练方面,培训结束后师资人员的演练配合能力均提高(P<0.05);授课技巧方面,师资人员的操作演示能力得分提高,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.25,P<0.05)。参加2013年首届江苏省红十字应急救护技能大赛获团体三等奖(第五名)。结论新型院前急救师资培训模式注重师资的选择、授课能力及团队意识的培养,为规范开展院前急救师资培训、提升师资教学能力与综合素质提供了一定的实践经验。

Objective To evaluate a training mode for teachers of prehospital emergency. Methods 10 objects were selected from the community health service center, level 2 or 3 hospital, 120 first aid center, medical college, Red Cross Society. They were trained in knowledge, practice and teaching skills through lecture, group exercise, and self-study, by 1 time per week plus 2 weeks of closed training, 4 months in total. Evaluations were conducted respectively before and after training. Results Theoretical scores of 10 trainers significantly improved with the progression of training, and Scores varied at different test point from pre to post training （ F = 60.09,P 〈0.001 ）. In single operation, scores for rescue operations of ann fracture fixed, dagger into the abdomen and pelvic frac- tures had no significant difference between pre-training and 1 month post-training. The scores of aduh cardio-pulmonary resuscitation operation were significantly different between pre-training and after intensive training （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Compared with pre-training, scores of other operations all improved after training （ P 〈 0.05 ）. However, there were no difference at each test time for top bleeding score （ P 〉 0.05 ）. In scenario simulation, all trainers＇ scores for 6 scenarios drilling all improved significantly as compared with pre-train- ing. Teaching skill aspect, the improvement of demonstration ability were statistically significant （ Z = - 2.25, P 〈 0.05 ）. In addi- tion, trainer group won the third prize of 2013 First Contest of Red Cross Society Emergency Skills of Jiangsu Province. Conclusions The new model of prehospital trainer training program which emphasized the choice of trainer, enhanced teaching ability and team awareness, certainly provides some practical experiences for standardized prehospital trainer training program and improving teaching and comprehensive quality of trainer.