建立监测血流动力学变化的兔急性肺血栓栓塞模型

Establishment of rabbit acute pulmonary thromboembolism model for mornitoring hemodynamic changes

目的应用猪尾导管建立能够监测血流动力学变化的兔急性肺血栓栓塞(PTE)模型。方法试验兔24只随机分为PTE组和对照组,每组12只,均建立右侧颈静脉和左侧颈动脉通路。PTE组经导管注入自体血栓3个,通过肺动脉造影评估PTE模型是否成功,监测肺动脉压力和血气分析等变化。结果造模成功率100%。PTE组肺动脉造影显示,右心室扩张,肺动脉增粗、充盈缺损、截断或完全缺失。造模后,PTE组较造模前和对照组肺动脉平均压明显增高[(16.40±1.82)mm Hg vs(9.60±2.07)mm Hg和(11.17±2.14)mm Hg,1 mm Hg=0.133kPa,P=0.01,P=0.002]。血气分析显示,造模后PTE组较造模前pH、PO2、标准碳酸氢盐、血氧饱和度以及动脉/肺泡氧分压等指标明显降低,肺泡动脉氧分压差明显增加。结论经颈静脉送入猪尾导管建立兔急性PTE模型成功率较高,重复性较好,且能够监测血流动力学变化,为PTE诊治的相关研究提供了实验基础。

Objective To establish the rabbit acute pulmonary thromboembolism （PTE） model for mornitoring hemodynamic changes with pig tail catheter.Methods Twenty-four rabbits were randomly divided into PTE group and control group （12 in each group）.A pathway was established for the right jugular vein and left carotid artery,respectively.The PTE model was tested by pulmonary arteriography.Pulmonary artery pressure was measured and blood gas was analyzed.Results The model was established with a success rate of 100％.Pulmonary arteriography showed dilation of right ventricle and enlargement,filling defect or complete deficit of pulmonary artery.The mean pulmonary artery pressure was significantly higher after model establishment than before model establishment and in PTE group than in control group （16.40±1.82 mm Hg vs 9.60±2.07 mm Hg,P=0.01;16.40±1.82 mm Hg vs 11.17±2.14 mmHg,P=0.002）.Blood gas analysis showed that the pH,PO2,standard bicarbonate,oxygen saturation of blood,and arterial/alveolar PO2 were significantly lower while the alveolar/arterial PO2 was significantly higher in PTE group after model establishment than before model establishment.Conclusion Rabbit acute PTE model,established by inserting pig tail catheter through right jugular vein,can monitor the hemodynamic changes in rabbits with a rather good repeatability,thus providing an experimental basis for the related studies on diagnosis and treatment of acute PTE.