从林纾和严复的翻译策略看目的论在翻译中的作用

The Function of Skopos Theory Reflected in the Translation Strategies of LIN Shu and YAN Fu

目的论及翻译策略中的归化和异化,是翻译工作中较常用的翻译手段,翻译策略的选择可以直接体现出译者的翻译目的和思想,这恰可以体现出目的论在翻译中的应用。严复和林纾是中国19世纪末和20世纪初最负盛名的翻译家,他们本着远大的政治抱负和改革社会的目的来翻译国外作品,一方面彰显了翻译的政治目的,另一方面把西方文化思想引入中国,成为中国翻译界的先驱。虽然他们翻译文本的角度和翻译策略有所不同,但却有着"启发民智"的共同目的,其翻译思想在我国翻译史上起到启蒙作用。

Skopos Theory, domesticating and foreignizing translation strategies are the most commonly used means in translation. The choice of translation strategies always directly reflects translator＇s objectives and their thoughts which can exactly reveal the application of Skopos Theory in translation. YAN Fu and LIN Shu are the most prestigious Chinese translation masters in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Both of them translated many foreign works out of their great spirit of lofty political ambitions and also for the purpose of social reform. Their translation objectives and thoughts demonstrate the political purpose of translation as well as introduces western cultural thoughts into China through their translation works, which made YAN Fu and LIN Shu great pioneers in the field of translation in China. Although they translated through different text translation perspectives and translation strategies, they shared the common purpose of“enlightening the people”. And thus their translation thoughts played the very roles of enlightenment in the history of translation in China.