RS技术在矿区地表沉陷监测中的研究进展

THE RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT OF REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGY IN THE MONITORING OF MINING AREA SURFACE SUBSIDENCE

该文综合分析了国内外矿区地表沉陷监测技术的发展历程及现状,并结合遥感(RS)监测技术在矿区地表沉陷监测中的应用成果,指出:相比传统监测技术,利用合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)技术和差分干涉测量(D-InSAR)技术能够对矿区地表沉陷进行高覆盖、高分辨率、高精度、实时动态的监测,但在实际应用中,D-InSAR技术会受系统本身因素、大气条件、地面植被、时间和空间等因素的影响。随后发展起来的PS-InSAR、CR-InSAR及SBAS技术克服了D-InSAR技术的不足,却仍存在缺陷。随着RS技术不断发展,在实际应用中将传统监测手段与遥测技术进行优势互补,同时把具有强大空间分析能力和表达优势的GIS技术与RS技术相互融合,可对矿区地表沉陷做出全新、快速、有效的监测和预测。

Based on analysis of the present situation and the application of RS monitoring technology in the mining area surface subsidence monitoring all around the world, this review points out that SAR interferometry （InSAR） technology, Differential InSAR （D-InSAR） technology, and the advanced InSAR technologies have more advantages in monitoring mining area surface subsidence, such as high coverage , high resolution, high precision, real-time and dynamic monitoring. However, the monitoring precision of RS technology can be ,affected by the system, atmospheric conditions, ground vegetation, time and space, and so on. In order to solve these problems , PS-InSAR.CR-InSAR and SBAS were presented ,but the three technologies still have some defects. As with the development of RS technology, RS monitoring technology can be combined with conventional monitoring technology and GIS technology which has powerful spatial analysis ability and express advantage to monitor and oredict the mining area surface subsidence more and more quickly and effectively.