紫果西番莲叶提取物抗焦虑作用及其机制

Anxiolytic Effects of Passiflora edulis Extract and Its Mechanism

目的探讨紫果西番莲叶提取物的抗焦虑作用及其机制。方法 60只小鼠随机分为空白对照组、阳性对照组和提取物大、中、小剂量组共5组。提取物大、中、小剂量组分别灌胃紫果西番莲提取物800,400,200 mg·kg-1·d-1,阳性对照组给予地西泮2 mg·kg-1·d-1,空白对照组灌胃等容积1%羧甲基纤维素钠,各组连续给药7 d。以高架十字迷宫(EPM)实验为动物模型,考察紫果西番莲叶的抗焦虑活性;用聚合酶链反应(PCR)法对扩增产物进行分析。结果紫果西番莲叶醇提物(400,800 mg·kg-1·d-1)能增加小鼠在开臂内运动时间和次数百分率,并且提高小鼠在开场中央区的次数;实时荧光定量PCR法分析表明,紫果西番莲叶醇提物(400,800 mg·kg-1·d-1)能上调EPM焦虑小鼠脑组织中GABAA受体α2亚型和α3亚型mRNA表达水平。结论紫果西番莲叶醇提物具有明显的抗焦虑作用,其作用机制可能与调节GABAA受体α2亚型和α3亚型mRNA表达水平有关。

Objective To investigate the anxiolytic effects of the ethanol extract of Passiflora edulis and the related mechanism. Methods Sixty mice were randomly divided into five groups, including blank control group, positive control group, high-dose, medium-dose, and low-dose extract groups. Mice of high-dose, medium-dose, and low-dose extract groups were given 800, 400,200mg·kg-1·d-1 of extract of Passilora edulis. Mice of positive control group were given 2 mg·kg-1·d-1of diazepam. Mice of blank control group were given equal volume of 1% sodium earboxyl methyl cellulose. Mice in all groups were treated for 7 consecutive days. Elevated plus-maze （EPM） test was used to assess antianxiety effect of Passiflora edulis in Kunming mice. Amplified products were analyzed by PCR. Results The ethanol extract of Passiflora edulis （400 and 800 mg·kg-1·d-1） significantly increased the percentage of the times of mouse entering the open arms and stay duration in the total period and it could increase the time of passing the box. Real-time fluorescence quantification PCR showed that the ethanol extract of Passiflora edulis （400 and 800mg·kg-1·d-1 ） increased the mRNA expression of α2 and α3 subunits of GABAn receptor. Conclusion The ethanol extract of Passiflora edulis exerts anti-anxiety effect in the elevated plus-maze test. The mechanism is related to regulation of the mRNA expression of α2and α3 subunits of GABAn receptor.