随葡萄糖响应的合成类闭路胰岛素递释系统

Glucose-Responsive Synthetic Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery Systems

糖尿病是日益严重的全球性公共健康问题。有效控制Ⅰ型及中晚期Ⅱ型糖尿病的关键在于实时的监测血糖浓度并适时的注射胰岛素。因此研制有效的对环境葡萄糖浓度做出响应的智能胰岛素递释系统成为近年来蛋白质递释研究领域的热点。本文主要介绍模拟胰腺分泌胰岛素反馈机制的化学合成闭路胰岛素递释系统。这种仿生系统也被称作"人工胰脏",通常由葡萄糖敏感因子与相应的执行器材料整合而成,可以根据人体内血糖浓度的变化有效调节胰岛素的释放。本文将重点讨论基于葡萄糖氧化酶(GOx),葡萄糖结合蛋白(GBP)及苯硼酸(PBA)的三种不同递释体系的作用机理和最新研究进展。

Diabetes mellitus has become a major social health problem affecting all of the world. The key to efficiently treating type Ⅰ and advanced type Ⅱ diabetes is to inject insulin with a precise dose according to the blood glucose levels（ BGLs）. Thus,smart insulin delivery systems responding to glucose concentration of the surroundings have attracted extensive interest these years. This review mainly focuses on chemically controlled closed-loop insulin delivery able to mimic pancreas activity. One of the greatest advantages of these systems is to regulate insulin dosage and delivery by BGLs on an automated and continuous basis. So called this feedbackcontrolled insulin delivery system ‘artificial pancreas＇. Strategies to achieve this ‘artificial pancreas＇ are through glucose-responsive insulin delivery systems,typically based on the glucose-sensing elements of glucose oxidase（ GOx）,glucose binding protein（ GBP）,or phenylboronic acid（ PBA）. Main mechanisms and most recent studies are discussed in this review.