印度食品安全的法律治理及其对中国的启示

India's Legal Governance on Food Safety and Its Enlightenment to China

加强食品安全法律治理是当代世界的普遍趋势。为了应对食品安全监管法律的失灵,印度2006年颁布了《食品安全与标准法》。该法在充分借鉴发达国家制度和国际标准的基础上,实行了包括统一监管体制、以科学为基础的风险管理、执行措施多元化以及司法专门化四大变革。尽管该法的实施取得了一定成就,但是由于该法实施的高成本、印度糟糕的执法环境以及落后的食品安全文化,该法实施并没有达到理想目标。印度的经验和教训启示我们,中国食品安全的法律变革时也应充分考虑国情,建立统一的监管体制,加强对监管者的监管,并完善食品安全的司法保障。

It＇s a world-wide tendency to strengthen the legal governance on food safety. In order to cope with legal dysfunction,India promulgated Food Safety and Standard Act 2006. This act built up a unified monitoring system based on science and risk management,and established multiply enforcement system and strengthened legal responsibility,all of which are very helpful to the improvement of India＇s food safety condition. Because of high cost of its implementation,terrible administrative environment and undeveloped culture of food safety,it hasn＇t realized its desired goal although it has made some achievements. India＇s experience enlightened us that China should establish unified monitoring system,strengthen the supervision of the regulators,and perfect the judicial protection.