陇东台塬区双垄全膜集雨沟播土地整治模式研究

Study on Land Consolidation Pattern of Whole Film Mulching on Double Ridges and Planting in Catchment Furrows in Longdong Tableland

研究目的:结合干旱半干旱雨养农业区已形成的旱作玉米双垄全膜覆盖集雨沟播技术,围绕土地整治特点和要求,完善并形成适宜陇东台塬区的区域性土地整治工程技术模式。研究方法:基于区域农业气候背景与当地农业生产技术条件,提出由降水供需分析、集雨设施设计、土地平整规划、农业生产措施等构成的陇东黄土台塬区双垄全膜集雨沟播土地整治模式,通过典型项目加以验证。研究结果:该模式可显著提高水土资源的利用率,试验区玉米增产约20%,净增产值超过4000元/hm2,并有利于保持水土和改善土壤环境,具有较好的经济、生态和社会效益。研究结论:该模式具有一定的实用性和有效性,适用于年平均降雨大于250 mm、有集中降雨期、光热条件丰富、地势较为平坦的西北干旱半干旱黄土台塬区。

The purpose of this paper is to improve and develop appropriate Longdong tableland areas and other arid and semi-arid areas of land consolidation pattern based on the combined double ridges using mulching ditch muhieast technology in arid and semi-arid rainfed upland agricultural zone. The measures for such land consolidation pattern includes the constitution of supply and demand analysis proposed by precipitation, rainwater harvesting facilities design, land leveling planning, agricultural production measures. The method was verified by establishing pilot area. The results indicate that the land consolidation pattern has feasibility and effectiveness in the study area. This pattern can significantly improve the utilization of land and water resources, and the corn yield 20.0%, a net value of about 4 000 yuan/hm2, and helps maintain water and soil and improve soil environment, with better economic, ecological and social benefits. The pattern has strong practicality and effectiveness. It applies to arid and semi-arid northwest loess tablelandarea that the annual average rainfall is greater than 250 mm with centralized rainfall span, abundant light and heat conditions, and relatively flat terrain.